A Bug’s Life (officially trademarked as a bug’s life) is a 1998 computer-animated film produced by Pixar Animation Studios and released by Buena Vista Distribution in the United States on November 25, 1998, in Australia on December, 1998 and in the United Kingdom on February 5, 1999. A Bug’s Life was the second Disney / Pixar feature film. It tells the tale of an oddball individualist ant who hires what he thinks are “warrior bugs” (actually circus performers) to fight off greedy grasshoppers. The film was directed by John Lasseter.

A colony of ants on a small island are working to gather enough food to satisfy the extortion demands of a gang of tough grasshoppers who visit every growing season. One ant, Flik, is an inventor whose creations usually do more harm than good. While trying out a mechanical harvester, he accidentally knocks the pile of food into a stream just before the grasshoppers arrive. Their leader, Hopper, gives the ants the rest of the season to make good on what they owe, but orders a double ration of food after Flik stands up to him in defense the Queen’s younger daughter, Dot. Flik is called before the colony’s royal council and reprimanded severely for his actions. Princess Atta, Dot’s older sister and the eventual successor of the current queen, is unsure about how to deal with him. When Flik suggests that he might try to recruit some “warrior bugs” to fight the grasshoppers, the council sees this idea as a chance to get him out of the way and enthusiastically approves. Reaching the insect “city,” built from discarded boxes and cans, Flik encounters a troupe of inept circus bugs whose latest performance has just ended in disaster. He mistakes them for the warriors he needs; at the same time; they believe him to be a talent scout who wants to book their act on the island. They return to the colony, much to Atta’s surprise, and are immediately greeted as heroes who can put an end to the threat posed by Hopper’s gang. Atta soon becomes suspicious after almost overhearing a conversation in which both Flik and the troupe realize their mistakes. However, after they band together to save Dot from a hungry bird, she begins to think that the troupe may be able to stop the grasshoppers after all. She also starts to fall in love with Flik.

At the grasshopper gang’s hideout, Hopper’s brother Molt suggests that they not go back, since they have more than enough food stored up and the weather will soon turn bad. Hopper reminds him and the whole gang that if they do not keep the ants living in fear, the ants might use their superior numbers (“a hundred to one,” he estimates) to run the grasshoppers out of the colony for good. The gang sets out for the island to collect their due. When Flik discovers that Hopper is afraid of birds (due to him almost getting swallowed by a blue jay a few years ago), he proposes that the colony build a model bird to scare him away. The ants put their food-gathering work on hold to carry out this project; as they finish, though, P. T. Flea (the circus ringmaster) arrives looking for his missing performers, thus accidentally exposing the truth. Furious at Flik’s deception, Atta banishes him from the colony, while the other ants hide the bird and rush to collect whatever food they can for Hopper. They are unable to meet the double quota he set, and when the gang arrives, he takes over the anthill and forces the ants to bring him all the food on the island.

Dot overhears the gang’s plans to kill the queen once they have all the food, and she rushes to catch up with Flik, who has left the colony with the troupe. She persuades them to return and put the bird plan into action, with help from her and some of the other young ants. The model scares the gang badly, and they are on the verge of retreating when P. T. blunders onto the scene and inadvertently incinerates it. Enraged, Hopper sends his crazed associate Thumper to beat Flik savagely, but Flik is still able to stand up and rally the other ants, saying that the grasshoppers depend on the extorted food for their own survival. The entire colony swarms against the gang, driving away all but Hopper, now obsessed with killing Flik. In his rage, he grabs Flik and flies off, evading the troupe until Atta intervenes and rescues Flik. They lure him towards the bird’s nest, where they get separated. Hopper finds Flik and they fight until the bird emerges. Hopper, believing this bird to be another model, taunts Flik until it picks him up and feeds him to its chicks. With the grasshopper menace gone, the ants welcome Flik back into the colony and adopt his harvester to speed up grain collection. Passing her princess crown to Dot, Atta is crowned the new queen and chooses Flik as her mate. Before the troupe can leave, they must wait for one member, Heimlich the caterpillar, to emerge from the chrysalis in which he has encased himself. He pops out with a tiny pair of butterfly wings, far too small to lift him off the ground, and the troupe (with Molt, acting as a road crew assistant) departs with the colony’s thanks.

Toy Story: Toy story is a computer animated film directed by John Lasseter and starrin Tom Hanks and Tim Allen.

This kind of movie is escaping and it is Andy’s birthday and he is too busy playin with one of his toys. A sherrif woody doll. after Andy leaves the room, Woody brings the other toys out for a meeting. Woody checks out the toys to make sure they are functioning and out comes rex a green dinosaur toy. Then the meeting about Andy’s birthday and even the move gets under way.  Then the army figures go out and spy on Andy and find out which presents he gets. But there was one more present which was a big one. It got Andy excited. It was a Buzz Lightyear toy which talks and flys. After Buzz was discovered the last toy, Andy and his friends go to the room to play with it so Woody and the toys take cover. The space ship was put on the bed leaving Woody sliding down to the floor. Andy likes Buzz now. So everything in his room replaces Woody with Buzz now. After that Woody introduces Buzz to him and the toys but Buzz shoots his laser but now he understands so he then introduced himself. Then Buzz shows his wings; proof that he can fly but Woody refuses that he can’t so Buzz shows him with his eyes closes and it was a success. After all that, a dog barks at a distance and the toys rush to the window and find a boy next door getting ready to blow up a toy figure and he did. Woody knocks Buzz out the window and the toys get after him so Andy comes in the room and can’t find his Buzz so he takes Woody towards Pizza Planet. Buzz climbs on to the van as it was departing. At the gas station, Buzz comes down from the sunroof angrily at Woody. Then they both get kicked out of the van while fighting and suddenly Andy departs leaving them two stranded. Woody saw a truck with a guy saying he is heading for Pizza Planet which is where Andy is so Woody convinces Buzz that its a space ship so they both get on board with Buzz strapped in and Woody not strapped in so he moves around until arrival.  When they got they got inside, they were surprised by the surroundings, the arcade. Then andy was heard in the distance so Woody brings Buzz to the location and tells him that its some kind of spaceship but Buzz turns around and sees a hook game which is designed to be like a spaceship so Buzz climbs in it and is surrounded by these little green alien figures. Woody jumps in but Sid comes and discovered them so he takes them home. After Sid put Woody and Buzz in his room, he leaves the room with creepy toys coming out and scaring Woody. The next day they plan their escape. The one Buzz came up with is out the window but a first attempt of flying was a failure so Woody does the same but showed Buzz’s arm broken let the other toys down so it started raining. So Woody is in a blue box with Buzz strapped to a rocket  and Woody convinces Buzz that he is a toy so Buzz realizes that Andy needs them so Buzz gets Woody out of that box but Sid awakes and takes Buzz outside preparing for launch. Meanwhile Woody brings creepers out for a plan to save Buzz which was sucessful and Andy departs for the new house so Woody and Buzz try desperatly to catch up with the moving van. Buzz needed to be saved by Scodd. After all that. Buzz lets go of the rocket and fly towards the blue van and into the box they go with Andy excited to have found his to favorite toys.

Pixar Animation Studios is a CGI animation production company based in Emeryville, California, United States. To date, the studio has earned twenty-one Academy Awards, four Golden Globes, and three Grammys, among many other awards, acknowledgments and achievements. It is best known for its CGI-animated feature films which are created with PhotoRealistic RenderMan, its own implementation of the industry-standard Renderman image-rendering API used to generate high-quality images.

Pixar started in 1979 as the Graphics Group, a part of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm before it was bought by Apple co-founder Steve Jobs in 1986 and given its current name. In 2006 The Walt Disney Company bought Pixar through an all-stock transaction worth USD 7.4 billion.

Early history

Pixar’s studio lot in Emeryville.

Pixar was founded as the Graphics Group, one third of the Computer Division of Lucasfilm that was launched in 1979 with the hiring of Dr. Ed Catmull from the New York Institute of Technology (NYIT)^[1], where he was in charge of the Computer Graphics Lab (CGL). At NYIT, the researchers pioneered many of the CG techniques that are now taken for granted and worked on an experimental film called The Works. When the group moved to Lucasfilm, the team worked on creating the precursor to RenderMan, called Motion Doctor, which allowed traditional cel animators to use computer animation with minimal training.^[1]

The team began working on film sequences produced by Lucasfilm or worked collectively with Industrial Light and Magic on special effects.^[1] After years of research, and key milestones in films such as Star Trek II: The Wrath of Khan and Young Sherlock Holmes,^[1] the group, who counted about 45 individuals back then^[2], was purchased in 1986 by Steve Jobs shortly after he left Apple Computer.^[3] Jobs paid $5 million to George Lucas and put $5 million as capital into the company.^[4] The Computer Division was renamed Pixar, a fake Spanish word meaning “to make pictures” or “to make pixels.”^[5][6] A factor contributing to Lucas’s sale was an increase in cash flow difficulties following his 1983 divorce, which coincided with the sudden dropoff in revenues from Star Wars licenses following the release of Return of the Jedi and the disastrous box-office performance of Howard the Duck.^[1] The newly independent company was headed by Dr. Edwin Catmull, President and CEO, and Dr. Alvy Ray Smith, Executive Vice President and Director. Jobs served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of Pixar.^[7]

Initially, Pixar was a high-end computer hardware company whose core product was the Pixar Image Computer, a system primarily sold to government agencies and the medical community. One of the leading buyers of Pixar Image Computers was Disney Studios, which was using the device as part of their secretive CAPS project, using the machine and custom software to migrate the laborious Ink and Paint part of the 2-D animation process to a more automated and thus efficient method. The Image Computer never sold well.^[8] In a bid to drive sales of the system, Pixar employee John Lasseter—who had long been creating short demonstration animations, such as Luxo Jr., to show off the device’s capabilities—premiered his creations at SIGGRAPH, the computer graphics industry’s largest convention, to great fanfare.^[8]

As poor sales of Pixar’s computers threatened to put the company out of business, Lasseter’s animation department began producing computer-animated commercials for outside companies. Early successes included campaigns for Tropicana, Listerine, and LifeSavers.^[9] During this period, Pixar continued its relationship with Walt Disney Feature Animation, a studio whose corporate parent would ultimately become its most important partner. In 1991, after substantial layoffs in the company’s computer department, Pixar made a $26 million deal with Disney to produce three computer-animated feature films, the first of which was Toy Story. Despite this, the company was costing Jobs so much money that he considered selling it. Only after confirming that Disney would distribute Toy Story for the 1995 holiday season did he decide to give it another chance.

The dog (Canis lupus familiaris)^[1] is a domesticated subspecies of the gray wolf, a mammal of the Canidae family of the order Carnivora. The term can also be used more generally to encompass any member of the biological family Canidae, the Genus Caninae (also called “true dogs”). When referring to Canis lupus familiaris, the term is used to specify both feral and pet varieties. The domestic dog has been one of the most widely kept working and companion animals in human history. There are estimated to be 400 million dogs in the world.^[2]

The dog has developed into hundreds of varied breeds. Height measured to the withers ranges from a few inches in the Chihuahua to a few feet in the Irish Wolfhound; color varies from white through grays (usually called blue) to black, and browns from light (tan) to dark (“red” or “chocolate”) in a wide variation of patterns; coats can be very short to many centimeters long, from coarse hair to something akin to wool, straight or curly, or smooth.^[3] It is common for most breeds to shed this coat, but non-shedding breeds are also popular.

All dogs are genetically very similar. However, natural selection and selective breeding has reinforced certain characteristics in specific populations of dogs, giving rise to dog types and dog breeds. Dog types are broad categories based on function, genetics or characteristics. Dog breeds are groups of animals that possesses a set of inherited characteristics that distinguishes them from other animals within the same species. Modern dog breeds are non-scientific classifications of dogs kept by modern kennel clubs. Purebred dogs are genetically distinguishable from purebred dogs of other breeds, but the means by which kennel clubs classify dogs is unsystematic. Systematic analyses of the dog genome has revealed only four major types of dogs that can be said to be statistically distinct. These include the old world dogs type (e.g., Malamute and Shar-Pei), Mastiff type (e.g., Labrador Retriever), herding type (e.g., St. Bernard), and all others (also called modern or hunting type)